Prepositions

Chinese Lesson 4 (Prepositions and Directions)

Duration: 30 mins

Lessons Chinese Lessons
Linguistic Chinese Vocabulary
Culture Chinese Phrases
Structure Chinese Grammar

This first lesson teaches many important aspect of Chinese like prepositions, vocabulary list about directions and finally common phrases about how to introduce yourself. I will try to give examples using both vocabulary and grammar. That way it will be easy for you to see the words when they are separate and when they are in a sentence. Going through the whole page should take about 30 min. Make sure to read the pronunciation and hear the audio as well. If you have any question about this course, please email me directly at Chinese Classes.

Prepositions

Prepositions are used in almost every sentence. They can be a great tool to link words with each other. For example by simply knowing how to use "to", "with", "from", "after" you can expand your conversation scope. In short, a preposition describes a relationship between words in a sentence, for example: I agree with you.

Below is a list of 27 prepositions that you might come across or use very often. The table contains 3 columns (English, Chinese, and Audio). Make sure you repeat each word after hearing it by either clicking on the audio button or by reading the pronunciation. That should help with memorization as well as improving your pronunciation.

Prepositions List in Chinese

Prepositions Chinese Audio
In front of面前
miànqián
Behind背后
bèihòu
Before在...前
zài... Qián
After在 ...后
zài... Hòu
Inside在…里面
zài…lǐmiàn
With和…在一起
hé…zài yīqǐ
Without
Outside
wài
On top of上面
shàngmiàn
Under在...下
zài... Xià
About (in regards to)关于
guānyú
Against对着,反对
duìzhe, fǎnduì
And
As (similar to)
Between之间
zhī jiān
But但是
dànshì
For为了
wèile
From从…起
cóng…qǐ
In在…里
zài…lǐ
Instead of而不是
ér bùshì
Near很近
hěn jìn
Of
de
Or或者
huòzhě
Since
So所以
suǒyǐ
To小费
xiǎofèi
Until直到
zhídào

Now we will try to implement some of the prepositions above into full Chinese sentences. That way you will be able to use the word not only by itself but embedded in a structure.

Chinese Prepositions in a Sentence

English Chinese Audio
Can I practice Italian with you?我能跟你练意大利语吗?
wǒ néng gēn nǐ liàn yìdàlì yǔ ma?
I speak French but with an accent我说法语但是带口音
Wǒ shuō fǎyǔ dànshì dài kǒuyīn
I was born in Miami我出生在迈阿密
wǒ chūshēng zài mài'āmì
I'm from Japan我来自日本
wǒ láizì rìběn
The letter is inside the book信夹在书里
xìn jiā zài shū lǐ
The pen is under the desk钢笔在桌子下面
gāngbǐ zài zhuōzi xiàmiàn
Directions
Can I help you?我可以帮你吗?
wǒ kěyǐ bāng nǐ ma?

Questions?

If you have any questions, please contact me using the Chinese contact form on the header above.

Vocabulary List about Directions

Below is a list of 28 words and sentences related to directions that you might need when lost or asking for help. If you can memorize them by heart, you will be able to travel from point A to point B by following directions.

Giving Directions in Chinese

Directions Chinese Audio
Can you help me?你可以帮我吗?
Nǐ kěyǐ bāng wǒ ma?
Can you show me?你可以带我去吗?
Nǐ kěyǐ dài wǒ qù ma?
Come with me!来!跟我走。
Lái! Gēn wǒ zǒu.
Downtown (city center)城市商业区
Chéngshì shāngyè qū
Excuse me! (to ask someone)请问!
qǐngwèn!
Go straight直走。
Zhí zǒu.
How can I get to the museum? 博物馆怎么走?
Bówùguǎn zěnme zǒu?
How long does it take to get there?需要多长时间?
Xūyào duō cháng shíjiān?
I'm lost我迷路了。
Wǒ mílùle.
I'm not from here我不是这里的人。
Wǒ bùshì zhèlǐ de rén.
It's far from here离这儿不远
Lí zhè'er bù yuǎn
It's near here不在这儿。
bùzài zhè'er.
One moment please!请等一下。
Qǐng děng yīxià.
Turn left左转
Zuǒ zhuǎn
Turn right右转
yòu zhuǎn
Far很远
hěn yuǎn
Here这里
zhèlǐ
Left左遍
zuǒ biàn
Right右遍
yòu biàn
Near在…附近
zài…fùjìn
Straight直的
zhí de
There那里
nàlǐ
To drive
zhì
To turn转弯
zhuǎnwān
To walk走路
zǒulù
Traffic light紅綠燈
hónglǜdēng
Transportation交通工具
jiāotōng gōngjù

Daily Conversation in Chinese

Finally, a couple sentences to help you know how to introduce yourself in Chinese. For a complete list of commonly used sentences, please visit our Chinese Phrases page. Enjoy!

Common Expressions in Chinese

English Chinese Audio
Do you speak English?你会讲英语吗?
nǐ huì jiǎng yīngyǔ ma?
Just a little一点点
Yīdiǎndiǎn
What's your name?你叫什么名字?
nǐ jiào shénme míngzì?
My name is (John Doe)我的名字叫(John Doe)
Wǒ de míngzì jiào (John Doe)
Mr... / Mrs. ... / Miss.....先生 / ..太太 / ..小姐(女士)
.. Xiānshēng/ .. Tàitài/ .. Xiǎojiě (nǚshì)
Nice to meet you!很高兴认识你!
hěn gāoxìng rènshì nǐ!
You're very kind!你对我很好!
Nǐ duì wǒ hěn hǎo!

Fun Facts

Language Quote: The language of a society changes slowly but steadily with the result that an educated person will not be able to read or understand words in his language written 500 years ago. Do you feel like you can't talk to your parents? Maybe it's because you belong to the Niger-Congo family. More than 1,400 languages are spoken by different members of this family from Africa..

Congratulations! You finished your 4th lesson in Chinese about prepositions, and directions. Are you ready for the next lesson? We recommend Chinese Lesson 5. You can also simply click on one of the links below or go back to our Learn Chinese homepage.

Lessons Chinese Lessons
Linguistic Chinese Vocabulary
Culture Chinese Phrases
Structure Chinese Grammar