Welsh Lesson 4 (Prepositions and Directions)
Duration: 30 mins
This first lesson teaches many important aspect of Welsh like prepositions, vocabulary list about directions and finally common phrases about how to introduce yourself. I will try to give examples using both vocabulary and grammar. That way it will be easy for you to see the words when they are separate and when they are in a sentence. Going through the whole page should take about 30 min. Make sure to read the pronunciation and hear the audio as well. If you have any question about this course, please email me directly at Welsh Classes.
Prepositions
Prepositions are used in almost every sentence. They can be a great tool to link words with each other. For example by simply knowing how to use "to", "with", "from", "after" you can expand your conversation scope. In short, a preposition describes a relationship between words in a sentence, for example: I agree with you.
Below is a list of 27 prepositions that you might come across or use very often. The table contains 3 columns (English, Welsh, and Audio). Make sure you repeat each word after hearing it by either clicking on the audio button or by reading the pronunciation. That should help with memorization as well as improving your pronunciation.
Prepositions List in Welsh
| Prepositions | Welsh |
|---|---|
| In front of | o flaen |
| Behind | tu ôl i |
| Before | cyn |
| After | ar ôl |
| Inside | tu mewn |
| With | gyda |
| Without | heb |
| Outside | tu allan i |
| On top of | ar ben/ uwchben |
| Under | o dan |
| About (in regards to) | am |
| Against | erbyn |
| And | a |
| As (similar to) | fel |
| Between | rhwng |
| But | ond |
| For | ar gyfer |
| From | o |
| In | yn |
| Instead of | yn lle |
| Near | agos |
| Of | o |
| Or | neu |
| Since | ers |
| So | felly |
| To | cildwrn |
| Until | tan |
Now we will try to implement some of the prepositions above into full Welsh sentences. That way you will be able to use the word not only by itself but embedded in a structure.
Welsh Prepositions in a Sentence
| English | Welsh | |
|---|---|---|
| Can I practice Italian with you? | Galla i ymarfer Eidaleg gyda chi? | |
| I speak French but with an accent | Rwy'n siarad Ffrangeg on mae gen i acen | |
| I was born in Miami | Ces i fy ngeni ym Miami | |
| I'm from Japan | Rwy'n dod o Siapan | |
| The letter is inside the book | Mae'r llythyr y tu mewn i'r llyfr | |
| The pen is under the desk | Mae'r ysgrifbin o dan y ddesg | |
| Directions | ||
| Can I help you? | Alla i eich helpu? |
Questions?
If you have any questions, please contact me using the Welsh contact form on the header above.
Vocabulary List about Directions
Below is a list of 28 words and sentences related to directions that you might need when lost or asking for help. If you can memorize them by heart, you will be able to travel from point A to point B by following directions.
Giving Directions in Welsh
| Directions | Welsh |
|---|---|
| Can you help me? | Allwch chi fy helpu i? |
| Can you show me? | Allwch chi ddangos i mi? |
| Come with me! | Dewch gyda fi! |
| Downtown (city center) | canol y dref/ ddinas |
| Excuse me! (to ask someone) | Esgusodwch fi! |
| Go straight | Ewch syth ymlaen |
| How can I get to the museum? | Beth yw'r ffordd orau i'r amgueddfa? |
| How long does it take to get there? | Faint (o amser) mae'n cymryd i fynd yna? |
| I'm lost | Rwyf ar goll |
| I'm not from here | Nid wy'n dod o fan hyn yn wreiddiol |
| It's far from here | Mae'n bell o fan hyn |
| It's near here | Mae'n agos i fan hyn |
| One moment please! | Un munud os gwelwch yn dda! |
| Turn left | Trowch i'r chwith |
| Turn right | Trowch i'r dde |
| Far | pell |
| Here | yma |
| Left | i'r chwith |
| Right | i'r dde |
| Near | ger |
| Straight | syth ymlaen |
| There | draw fan yna |
| To drive | i |
| To turn | troi |
| To walk | cerdded |
| Traffic light | goleuadau traffig |
| Transportation | Trafnidiaeth |
Daily Conversation in Welsh
Finally, a couple sentences to help you know how to introduce yourself in Welsh. For a complete list of commonly used sentences, please visit our Welsh Phrases page. Enjoy!
Common Expressions in Welsh
| English | Welsh |
|---|---|
| Do you speak English? | Ydych chi'n siarad Saesneg? |
| Just a little | Dim ond tipyn bach |
| What's your name? | Beth yw dy enw di? |
| My name is (John Doe) | Fy enw i ydy (John Doe) |
| Mr... / Mrs. ... / Miss... | Mr../ Mrs../ Miss.. |
| Nice to meet you! | Neis i gwrdd a chi! |
| You're very kind! | Rydych chi'n garedig iawn! |
Fun Facts
Language Quote: The language of a society changes slowly but steadily with the result that an educated person will not be able to read or understand words in his language written 500 years ago. Do you feel like you can't talk to your parents? Maybe it's because you belong to the Niger-Congo family. More than 1,400 languages are spoken by different members of this family from Africa..
Congratulations! You finished your 4th lesson in Welsh about prepositions, and directions. Are you ready for the next lesson? We recommend Welsh Lesson 5. You can also simply click on one of the links below or go back to our Learn Welsh homepage.